History and culture

Rostov region is situated in the southern part of East European plain, in Lower Don basin, within the borders of Northern Caucasus economic area of Russian Federation. Northern part of Rostov region is in Europe, and the part southwards from Western Manych and lateral stream of the Don is in Asia.
Since the Stone Age ancient people inhabited the Don banks. Almost along all the Don their settlements are found. In XV century fugitive peasants from Central Russia and Volga river basin rushed to Don. In a short time they made a matchless military unit called Cossacks. According to one of the hypothesis, this word origins from Turkish word meaning "slashers" or "free people". So the Don Troop was formed. The Troop was administrated in a really democratic manner, all the posts were electoral. Cossacks had a large amount of personal freedom, they bore no obligations, paid no tributes to the state. The Cossacks with the help of the state formed a strong barrier on the way of numerous invaders that attempted to penetrate southern borders of Russia. Up to middle of XIX century two centers were formed on the Don - military and administrative center in Novocherkassk and industrial and trade center in Rostov-on-Don.

Eventful history of Don land was continued, maintaining its connections with the past, after official establishment of Rostov region in its today's borders.



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